The Flipper
Partial dentures come in many different designs and types. Including precision attachments and implant-supported appliances, through cast frames, acrylic and rubber o-rings, acrylic and hand bent clasps, down to the simple acrylic partials. A flipper is the nickname my father used to use when describing this simple type of appliance. The inference being to the tendency for this type to dislodge or flip out more easily when chewing certain foods.
The success of retention on purely acrylic partials varies widely from patient to patient. Sometimes living up to this nickname but often working so well they will snap into place. It all comes down to which teeth are being replaced and the angels and undercuts of the natural teeth remaining. Cases where one or two upper anterior teeth are missing tend to be the most common and stable application. A thin wafer of acrylic is formed to fit against the palate and engage any suitable undercuts of the molars and bicuspids. On to this plastic teeth are attached to fill in for the missing natural tooth. The patient simply pulls straight down to dislodge for cleaning and relocates by gently pushing it up and snapping it back into place. Given very little pressure is placed while chewing on an appliance with only one or two anterior teeth, dislodging is seldom a problem and they work very well.
In contrast a design that replaces missing molars can be much less stable as the forces of mastication come heavily into play. On molar placements greater planning and assessment must be made to ensure the appliance will not rock and torque on the remaining natural teeth and tissue.
Acrylic partials tend to be inexpensive and easy to fabricate, which makes them ideal as transitional or temporary appliances while contemplating more involved restorations. The clasp free design can also have esthetic advantages, as no matter how big you smile no metal is visual. With careful blending of tooth shades and a pink acrylic that matches your tissue color, the results can be fantastic. I have encountered many patients who have worn them for years stating they found their light metal free design very favorable and has no desire to replace then with anything more elaborate.
As no two mouths or patients are identical it is important to discuss with your practitioner all the different options that are available to you in partial denture design. This will ensure an educated decision that will fit your needs and budget.